Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Education Jurisprudence, Higher Institute of Jurisprudence and Islamic Sciences, Qom, Iran
2 Educational Jurisprudence, Higher Institute of Jurisprudence and Islamic Sciences, Qom, Iran
Abstract
This study focuses on determining the criteria for distinguishing a child. By “distinguishing,” we refer to achieving a level of understanding and perception that enables a child to be addressed by religious mandates. In Islamic jurisprudence, various rulings, such as the validity of worship and certain actions like divorce, are contingent upon the realization of this distinction. A review of the works of numerous jurists indicates that a specific age is not prescribed for achieving this distinction; instead, the ability to discern good from bad has been considered the criterion for distinguishing.
Further investigation of Hadiths reveals that a specific age criterion is not applicable in most obligations. Only in the case of prayer, under conditions of doubt regarding the child’s distinction, is the age of six mentioned. Regarding the qualitative aspect, the necessary recognition involves the ability to understand good and bad, as well as the comprehension of the ruling and its subject, making it rational to address a child based on definitive reasons and the circumstances of the ruling. Therefore, the jurists’ assertion about recognizing good and bad serves only as a necessary condition for achieving distinction, but it is not sufficient on its own.
Keywords
Main Subjects
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