Educational jurisprudence

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Humanities, Gonbad Kavous University, Gorgan, Iran

2 Al-Mostafa International University, Gorgan Branch, Iran

10.22034/mft.2022.12323.1185

Abstract

The Iranian legislature considers custody of a child up to the age of seven as the right and duty of the mother, and the Egyptian legislature considers custody of a child up to the age of fifteen as the right of the mother, after which priority is given to the father. However, in the event of a dispute after these ages, the custody of the child is at the discretion of the court which will make a decision in the best interests of the child. A child's best interest has a relative meaning. It means the observance of the child's desires and wishes and a decision based on gaining material and spiritual benefits for him. Muslim jurists and the legislators of Iran and Egypt have not set any explicit criteria for determining the best interests of the child and for the judge to decide whether to keep the child with the mother or to hand him over to the father or another person. Due to the fact that the criterion governing the interests of the custodial child remains silent and because of the necessity of determining it in court cases, the present article has explained the governing criterion by descriptive-analytical method with the aim of explaining the proposed views. The judge should pay attention to the psychological, mental and health conditions of the child when making a decision in this regard.  In case of a conflict, he should give precedence to the mental criterion over the health criterion. If the parents' ability is equal in terms of fulfilling these two criteria, the judge should let the child to choose between either of his/her parents.

Keywords

Main Subjects

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